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BLOGS ARE IMPORTANT
Word-of-mouth has long been considered one of a supermarket's
most valued assets. The butcher who takes the time to explain how to
prepare a certain cut of meat perfectly and the baker who always has
a warm cookie ready for the after school treat, have been effective
ways to get customers to tell their friends just how great service a
particular supermarket offers.
Over the past 50 years, we've seen an enormous evolution of
consumer power. What started out as backyard discussions over
clotheslines where our mothers would discuss their opinions about
retailers and products, evolved into 24 hour toll-free consumer
hotlines, full-time consumer affairs staffs, letters to the editor
and at times, even protests and boycotts.
Consumers want to be heard. They want to actively communicate
their thoughts and preferences, as well as expose dishonest
practices, false claims and bad service.
Twenty years ago food shopping was different. Most consumers were
satisfied if their store offered a wide selection of products, had
weekly specials and the floors were clean.
Since then we have changed the way we work, how we play, how we
get our entertainment...and how we shop. Much of that change has to
do with computerization and the Internet. A vast majority of shoppers
today are using the Internet to research product claims before they
buy.
The consumer is now in control - think "command center." Our cell
phones and Blackberry devices have us wired in real-time to be able
to find the latest information on just about any product. The DoCoMo
phone in Japan is enabling shoppers to compare real-time pricing
between stores, discuss product features with each other and scan the
product, which is then charged on their phone bill.
The challenge is to use the technology and relationships with
shoppers to build your brand.
Enter the "blog."
Blogs are now commonplace, and with high speed Web access
available on 40 million lines, and to over a third of people on the
Internet, retailers and brands are using blogs to create buzz (the
new terminology for word-of-mouth) and measure just how new store
formats and promotions are being accepted by their customers.
A blog is created about every 2.2 seconds. In simple terms, a
blog is a web site, where people (and smart retailers and CPG brands)
write on an ongoing basis. The latest postings show up at the top, so
your web visitors can read what's new first. Then they can add their
own comments directly on the blog, or email you.
Since blogging first came on the scene, blogs have reshaped the
web, impacted politics (think Matt Drudge), shaken up journalism
(think Matt Drudge), and enabled at last count about 35 million
people to have their voices heard.
When consumers notice that their voice is being heard, they
respond with a stronger tie to the retailer (or brand) and become
more involved. They blog more, shop more, buy more...and spread the
word more.
Blogs offer a unique opportunity to reach out to shoppers and
build relationships and sales by doing the exact same thing that the
corner store shopkeeper did 100 years ago - listening to what the
shopper has to say.
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The 14th Annual Trade Promotion Practices and Emerging Issues Study
is now available from ACNielsen. To purchase a copy,
click here.

ACNielsen's latest annual Consumer & Market Trends Report is now
available. For information and to order
click here.

The FMI U.S. Grocery Store Shopper Trends 2005 is available.
Click here
for more details.

ACNielsen's latest Private Label Trends Report is now available. For
information,
click here.

The FMI/Rodale Shopping for Health survey of consumers is available.
Click here for more details.
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July 11, 2005
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Boom: The Key Demographic
It starts happening early next year and once again the
demographic profile of the United States will change like never
before.
The event is the first of the Baby Boom generation turning 60,
marking yet another landmark in aging of the generation that has left
an indelible mark and level of change on every part of American life
since the end of WWII.
Boomers have been a never ending source of change from the days
they first swelled the population to the days of protest and "do your
own thing," which probably was the first sign of the world of niche
marketing to come. Given the diversity of needs and tastes of
Boomers, it's hard to draw a single picture of this generation of 76
million adults. The size and spending power of the Boom generation
make them a priority for any marketer.
At 28 percent of the population, Boomers make up the largest
population of working adults in the nation and have the highest
incomes, which means their overall spending power is unmatched.
According to FMI's U.S. Grocery Shopper Trends 2005, Boomers
are easily the biggest spenders on food per household, even though
Generation X households are more likely to be larger in size due to a
greater presence of children.
Currently, 26 percent of Boomers have children in their household
(compared to 50 percent of Gen X), yet Boomers spend $98.40 on
average in supermarkets each week - Gen X households spend $1 less.
Similarly, Boomers spend more ($75.10) in their primary store than
any other shopper group. Boomers are loyal to supermarkets overall
and are less likely than other shoppers to regularly frequent a
supercenter.
Of course, not all Boomers share any single lifestyle. There are
Boomers who are empty nesters and grandparents, while others
(sometimes of the same age) are new or current parents, so targeted
marketing is essential.
When it comes to selecting a supermarket, Boomers look for high
quality perishables, a clean store and accurate shelf tags. Boomers
are more likely than most to stock up on bargains and deviate from
their shopping list. They solve their own problems, seeking
information and educational resources when trying to attack problems
like improving their nutritional habits.
Some 75% believe their diets could be healthier, a much more
critical assessment than nearly all other shopper groups. Despite
this, a smaller percentage of Boomers are on diets to lose weight
than are the younger shoppers from Generations X or Y. (Aging does
have its price however. Far more Boomers are on diets for medical
reasons than the younger groups.)
Trends offers a wealth of statistics on Boomers and other
demographic groups that in today's diverse and competitive
marketplace are nothing short of essential.
Click here
for more information on
Trends.
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Putting the Consumer Into Category Management
Category management is a time-tested driver of sales and profits.
But now's the time to implement a more consumer-centric approach
that identifies and targets underserved consumer groups and drives
incremental profits for retailers and their CPG partners.
Recent research by ACNielsen indicates that traditional category
management tools, though still important, are being used less often.
One reason may be the limitations of the "classic" eight-step
product-centric process, which enables retailers to better manage
sales, but falls short in its ability to target and track the actions
of specific consumer segments. The result is that we still don't
understand why some categories and some stores consistently under
perform.
This knowledge gap is ending. A plethora of new data has
unveiled the diversity of consumer preferences. And a new
consumer-centric category management process developed by Spectra
Marketing, a sister company of ACNielsen, is dramatically enhancing
the return on investment for new category strategies.
The new process is far more efficient than the original category
management process because it's designed to eliminate rework. Users
also have the ability to truly tailor marketing and merchandising to
individual consumer segments and replace the traditional
"one-size-fits-all" approach.
What sets the Spectra approach apart is Consumer Demand-Based
Clustering. Utilizing Spectra's proprietary consumer segmentation
approach, Demand Clustering identifies and locates unique consumer
segments and then groups stores based on a category's or brand's
future sales potential among those consumer segments. It then
identifies and weights the demographic attributes - income, education
and lifestyles - that most drive purchasing behavior for each.
Simply put, rather than just finding out how well a product or
brand is performing, this process reveals how well they should
perform in particular stores. Then, retailers and manufacturers can
develop a marketing plan for a cluster of stores with similar
consumer demand landscapes rather than an ineffective chain-wide plan
or cost-prohibitive individual plans for individual stores.
Whether this strategy results in a reallocation of space in
different categories or revamping media strategies to reach specific
consumer groups, it is clear that a consumer-centric approach
delivers a better value proposition to consumers and a stronger
bottom line for retailers and manufacturers. It is a process that
leads to a new familiarity with local consumers, and the discovery of
the overlooked and underserved who would very much like to buy more!
For more information about Spectra's Consumer-Centric Category
Management process, contact
steve_kent@spectramarketing.com.
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Ice Cream: A Category in Flux
The trend towards healthier eating by American consumers is having an
effect on virtually all products - even in the traditionally
self-indulgent categories. Case in point: ice cream.
Overall, ice cream sales have been declining for the past couple
of years. According to ACNielsen Strategic Planner data, category
volume has dropped from a high of 4.68 billion pounds during the
52-week period ending May 17, 2003 to 4.37 billion pounds in the
52-week period ending May 14, 2005. (ACNielsen Strategic Planner
monitors sales in the food, drug and mass channels, excluding
Wal-Mart.)
Those figures represent a 6.7% decline in ice cream volume over
the past two years.
Still, ice cream is a tremendously popular treat. It can be
found in more U.S. households than toothpaste (86% to 85%), according
to the ACNielsen Homescan consumer panel data. Wise manufacturers,
intent on hanging on to all of those category-buying households, are
finding new ways to make ice cream healthier while maintaining its
satisfying taste. Clearly, some are succeeding.
According to ACNielsen LabelTrends(TM), consumption of ice cream
identified as "low fat" on their labels increased by 8.9% in the
52-week period ending May 14, 2005, from 450.4 million pounds to
490.6 million. Similar increases could be found with products labeled
"sugar free" (+10.7%) and "reduced calorie" (+15.3%). Of all the
"healthier alternative" segments in the ice cream category, the
hottest in terms of percentage growth was "less sugar," which enjoyed
more than a sevenfold increase, from 374,679 to over 3 million pounds.
Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
One of the most interesting developments over the past year was
the "slow churning" innovation brought to market by Dreyer's.
According to ACNielsen data provided by Dreyer's, unit sales of its
light ice cream increased by 68% in 2004 due to the availability of
the slow-churned brands. This increased Dreyer's market share of the
premium light ice cream category from one-third to one-half of all
units sold.
The proprietary process, called "slow churning," provides the
taste of full-fat ice cream in a light product. This taste and
texture comes from kneading fat molecules at a colder temperature.
The slow churn stretches and distributes the molecules widely so the
ice cream tastes like it contains more butterfat. There are no
artificial sweeteners or fat substitutes involved in the process, and
the resulting product has half the fat and a third of the calories.
However, there's a limit in how far manufacturers can go in
reducing unhealthy ingredients while still maintaining the flavor
consumers crave. ACNielsen LabelTrends(TM) reports that "fat free"
ice cream volume fell from 79.7 million pounds for the 52 weeks
ending May 19, 2001, to 46.3 million for the 52 weeks ending May 14,
2005 - a hefty 41.9% decline.
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Ready-To-Eat Cereals Slim Down
Reduced-sugar versions of several major brands of ready-to-eat (RTE)
breakfast cereal marketed to kids are selling briskly at a time when
more parents are worried about childhood obesity. Kellogg's Frosted
Flakes, for example, now has one-third less sugar. General Mills
reduced sugar by 75% in Cocoa Puffs and Trix by adding Splenda
sweetener. Other suddenly-svelte brands include Post's Fruity Pebbles
and Kellogg's Froot Loops.
Have makers of RTE cereal made the most important meal of the day
healthier? While there is some debate over that notion, there's no
question about the effect on sales of these products launched in
2004. According to ACNielsen Label Trends, dollar sales of RTE cereal
with "less sugar" claims in the food/drug/mass merchandiser channels
(excluding Wal-Mart) shot up a resounding 62 percent to $138 million
for the 52-week period ending April 16, 2005. These figures contrast
sharply with the overall RTE cereal category which declined 1.6
percent, compared to the previous 52-week period.
Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
Meanwhile, these reduced-sugar cereals apparently weren't immune
to the sales roller coaster many "good-for-you" products ride in the
fourth and first quarters of a year. There was a 12.4 percent sales
decline for reduced-sugar cereals in the fourth quarter of 2004
compared to the previous quarter, followed by a healthy 46 percent
bounce in the first quarter of 2005. This ebb and flow in sales is
part of a similar pattern experienced by other "good-for-you"
products including all RTE cereals.
Speculation is that consumers lose their focus on healthful
eating during holiday time, then toughen up in the first quarter with
New Year's resolutions to eat better (and presumably buy better for
their children).
Reduced-sugar cereals come at a good time. Evidence is mounting
over the connection between consuming sugars (refined carbohydrates)
and such ills as obesity, diabetes and even cancer. An estimated 16%
of children and adolescents ages 6-19 are overweight, according to a
2002 report from CDC, which says that 151,000 people under 18 years
of age have diabetes. Sugar, high fructose corn syrup and corn syrup
are leading ingredients in the most popular breakfast cereals pitched
to kids.
Ironically, reduced-sugar cereals have also generated their share
of skepticism among some health professionals. The new brands may
have less sugar than the originals, but the calories and the amount
of refined carbohydrates are virtually the same. Retailers display
the new brands on the shelf next to the full-sugar varieties, and the
price is the same. Expect label-reading shoppers to spend even more
time comparing.
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The Complexities Of Wine Marketing
Are American consumers looking for cheap wines? Or are they
developing more sophisticated palates that can appreciate pricier and
more complex wines?
Sales data suggests that the latter may be true. ACNielsen has
released information showing that the best selling wines in the US
are the ones selling for more than $11, with this segment seeing an
11 percent increase in dollar sales in the 52 weeks ending 5/7/05 in
the combined food/drug/liquor store channel. Wines costing between $7
and $11 are up 6 percent in sales, while under $7 wines are up just 4
percent.
The study also suggests that Americans are drinking more imported
wines, especially from South Africa, New Zealand, and Australia;
imports tend to cost more.
This change can be attributed to better marketing efforts by wine
producers, who have found that by making their products more
accessible to consumers they can generate greater sales; it also
reflects a greater health consciousness on the part of the public,
since moderate wine consumption has been identified by many medical
experts (and well publicized) as part of a healthful diet.
Americans may simply be trading up - and the wine producers now
harvesting the benefits may be able to thank the companies that
specialized in the low-priced wines that became all the rage over the
past few years. Chief among these companies was the Charles Shaw
Winery and its Bronco Wine Co., which created the enormously
successful "Two-Buck Chuck," which sells for $1.99 at Trader Joe's in
California ($2.99 elsewhere) and fostered numerous copycat versions.
There is an irony to this, since mainstream wine interests in
California went to court to prevent Bronco from using the word "Napa"
on wine bottles that did not contain grapes grown in the Napa Valley;
the latest offering from the folks that brought us "Two-Buck Chuck"
is now called Napa Creek, and will sell for $3.99 a bottle.
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Dark Chocolate's Health Story is Good for Sales
More consumers are learning about the health benefits of eating dark
chocolate. Retailers and manufacturers are turning that awareness
into increased sales.
According to ACNielsen Strategic Planner, dollar sales for dark
chocolate in the food/drug/mass merchandiser channels (excluding
Wal-Mart) have risen steadily for the last two years. In the 52-week
period ending May 14, 2005, the $294 million in sales of dark
chocolate represented a 12.1 percent increase. In the 52-week period
before that, sales of $262 million increased 7.7 percent (the data
excludes dietetic chocolate).
Sales of dark chocolate today are only a small part of the
overall chocolate business, but may well be its future. For the
52-week period ending May 14, 2005, the entire chocolate category
posted sales of $4.5 billion (a 1.2 percent increase). The biggest
subcategory is milk chocolate with $3.6 billion.
Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
Several studies appearing in such scientific publications as
Nature and the Journal of the American Medical Association have
outlined the health benefits of dark chocolate -- not milk chocolate,
white chocolate, or dark chocolate eaten with milk. Every antioxidant
food has an ORAC, or "Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity," that rates
the food's ability to negate free radicals that can damage the heart.
Dark chocolate has an ORAC of 13,120 - almost twice as much as milk
chocolate. Meanwhile, the ORACs of many fruits and vegetables pale in
comparison: blueberries (2,400), brussel sprouts (998), red grapes
(739), and eggplant (390). Although when consumers go beyond ORAC and
compare the entire nutritional facts, a 1 oz. piece of dark chocolate
has 9 grams of fat and 149 calories as compared to just 0.1 grams of
fat and 17 calories in 1 oz. of blueberries.
The increase in sales of dark chocolate likely comes from
purchases by well-informed consumers who want to be as healthy as
they can, and will likely increase as baby boomers age.
Brands are listing the percent of cocoa content of their
chocolates, and Mars has developed a proprietary process called
Cocoapro, which preserves polyphenols, one of chocolate's beneficial
chemicals.
Expect the industry to be even more proactive in marketing.
Manufacturers can advertise the link between eating dark chocolate
and better health, and flag health benefits on packages. Meanwhile,
retailers may well find that in-store samplings of dark chocolate may
move sales upward at the same time as making many shoppers happy.
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Hurricane Season 2005: Redux
In August and September 2004, four hurricanes hit the southeast US
with Florida being the hardest-hit state. As we approach hurricane
season again (at least five are predicted), it's time for retailers
to prepare their stores and assortments for a worst-case scenario -
and hope that doesn't happen.
A close look at the impact of one hurricane provides clues about
what products to focus on. Hurricane Charley hit southwest Florida on
Friday, August 13th, 2004. ACNielsen's Tampa market, situated north
of where Charley struck, provides a look at the impact on supermarket
sales before and after the storm.
ACNielsen statistics cover the two-week period before and after
the storm with the previous four weeks. The spike in post-storm sales
was larger than the week before the storm. In Tampa, sales rose 10%
for the week ending August 14 vs. a 26% increase for the week ending
August 21.
Not surprisingly, battery/flashlights showed the strongest sales
spike by far. That was followed by ice, candles/incense, and
charcoal/logs/accessories. Rounding out the strongest categories were
bottled water, film/cameras, canned seafood, and ready-to-serve
prepared foods.
Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
The sales data showed that consumers didn't buy these necessities
before the storm. Retailers in areas impacted by hurricanes should
encourage shoppers to stock up before this year's hurricane season
begins. Retailers can work with their vendor partners to create
emergency kits for sale in supermarkets.
Hurricanes Charley, Frances, Jeanne and Ivan also damaged Florida
crops and led to price hikes in the second half of 2004. The produce
affected included tomatoes (Florida produces more than 90% of the
fresh tomatoes consumed in the US between October and May),
grapefruit, peppers, blueberries, cucumbers, and yellow squash.
Surprisingly, the hurricanes didn't affect the price of fresh oranges
since the majority of oranges grown for fresh consumption come from
California and the Southwest. While orange groves were struck in the
southwestern part of Florida, the damage didn't lead to hikes in the
price of orange juice. There were major inventories of both domestic
and imported frozen and chilled orange juice that offset the decline
in production.
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Beyond Category Management to Trip Management (Part 2)
In last month's issue of F3 we talked about work that we are doing to
understand how US consumers shop, comparing small versus large trips
and analyzing the role that categories, lifestyles, shopper
attitudes, and time pressures can play in driving those trips. We
pointed out that consumer shopping trip patterns can vary greatly by
retail channel and retailer. This month, we want to share some of
our learning around how we have been able to mine Homescan Consumer
Panel shopping trips to define specific trip clusters based on the
size and composition of trips.
We developed a model to identify consumer need states in the form
of naturally occurring trip clusters across four trip types
(immediate, fill-in, routine and stock-up) based on the composition
of categories in shopping baskets. The model examined over 7 million
annual shopping trips and we classified trip clusters that ranged
from your basic "milk run" to party trips and healthcare trips. Our
premise is that understanding the relationship between "trip type"
need states and choice of retailer can help manufacturers and
retailers collaborate in the areas of:
Assortment mix
Category accessibility and adjacencies
Store format and layout
Promotion planning and promotion partners (e.g., which
categories should be in circulars and which categories should be
promoted together?)
Before we examine some of the trip clusters that we identified,
let's take a quick look at the importance that convenience plays in
today's world. For the vast majority of shopping trips, consumers
are too busy to spend much time shopping as 70% of all-outlet trips
are small or immediate need trips. Grocery stores compete for these
trips with Dollar Stores, Drugstores and C-stores, but larger formats
(Club Stores and Supercenters) compete for these trips too.
Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
Within immediate trips, we classified eleven trip clusters or
need states. Classifications were made based on the dominance of a
particular category or group of categories within these small
shopping trips. As noted in the next slide, categories beyond food
and beverage drive immediate trips. Non-UPC coded product purchases
(e.g., random weight produce, meat & seafood, prescription drugs,
etc.) represent almost half of the small trips. Health & beauty care
trips, milk run trips and bread run trips represented the next
largest trip clusters. This capability will then allow us to examine
how well retailers are capturing these shopping trips and understand
where they may be losing trips to competitive retailers.
Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
Finally, this capability enables us to understand the categories
that are likely to be included on specific need state trips. In the
case of the basic milk run, other dairy products and breakfast foods
are more likely to be purchased.
Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
Knowing these facts, what can retailers do to drive even stronger
sales of complementary categories? For example, should retailers
look to do periodic or permanent displays of cereal brands within the
dairy section? How about adding signage in the dairy aisle listing
this week's featured cereal or frozen breakfast brands? If Grocery
retailers find that they are losing milk run trips to more convenient
retail formats (i.e., Drug and Convenience/Gas), should they consider
moving a refrigerator case closer to the front of their stores?
For further information or to arrange a comprehensive
presentation on consumer shopping patterns, please contact Todd Hale
at thale@acnielsen.com or
859-905-4615.
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Americans Lead Global List For Being Cash-Poor
The United States has the highest percentage of citizens in the world
who are strapped for cash, with 28 percent of Americans surveyed
saying that they have no spare cash after they've paid their basic
living expenses.
While the percentage of Americans claiming to have no spare cash
remained the same as it was last fall, there are some noteworthy
changes. Thirty-seven percent of Americans surveyed said that they
use spare cash to pay off debts, credit cards and loans - up 4
percent from last fall. And, there were decreases in the percentage
of respondents who said they use spare cash for clothing, out-of-home
entertainment, and new technology.
ACNielsen chief marketing and client service officer Tom Markert
said, "On a daily basis, Americans are exposed to two competing
messages: 'A strong economy is dependent on strong consumer
spending;' and 'Your consumer debt levels are too high.'
Historically, the first message has driven consumer behavior more
than the second one. Lately, it seems, the second message is
starting to get some traction."
The survey, conducted by ACNielsen in 38 markets around the
world, also found that almost one-third of Americans list the economy
as their biggest concern over the next six months, compared to job
security (15 percent), health (15 percent), terrorism (9 percent) and
war (7 percent).
Of other countries around the world, Portugal has 24 percent of
its citizens with no spare cash, followed by Brazil (23 percent),
Chile (21 percent), Korea (19 percent), Canada (19 percent), the
Netherlands (19 percent), Denmark (18 percent), Sweden (17 percent),
and Greece (17 percent). In far better shape are the citizens of
Thailand, Russian and Indonesia, where just 5 percent of citizens
have no spare cash, followed by China, India, Ireland, Mexico and
Spain (at 7 percent each) and the Philippines and Taiwan (8 percent
each).
Click on thumbnails to enlarge
Use this link if you've received the text version
for graph one (
http://www.factsfiguresfuture.com/enlarged/July05Cash1.gif) and this
link for graph two (
http://www.factsfiguresfuture.com/enlarged/July05Cash3.gif)
Back in the US, of those who have extra money, just 7 percent
save for their retirement, another 7 percent invest in stocks or
mutual funds, and 23 percent put money into savings accounts -
placing the US near the bottom of the global list in all these
categories.
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Is the Future Supermarket Gender Designed?
The challenge of appealing to one gender or the other is leading some
retailers to create new store formats that, they hope, will attract
new customers and generate new sales. And, while the action is
outside of traditional CPG retailers, grocery store operators should
take note.
Both Sony and Nike are opening new formats that are expressly
targeting women. Designed to look like boutiques rather than stores
that appeal to hard-core techies and athletes, the lighting schemes,
color palettes and dér packages are softer than might be expected
from such places.
Some Sony Style stores even have a concierge desk at the front
door to help guide and advise shoppers, and the aisles are wide
enough to accommodate baby carriages. Sony plans to open 15 Sony
Style stores this year and 50 to 60 in total.
Nike Women stores offer clothes and accessories for yoga, dancing
and everyday wear, as well as the company's athletic gear for
running, tennis and working out. The company began opening the units
in California, where it opened six stores, and now is working its way
east with stores in Chicago, Palm Springs, Fla., Atlanta, and White
Plains, NY.
The approach is not unique to Nike and Sony. Electronics retailer
Best Buy recently opened a store called Studio D in Naperville,
Illinois that is targeted to the woman consumer - it offers a wide
variety of classes and lessons, and even a small spa designed to
relax customers intimidated by the high tech equipment.
The whole approach is to demystify the experience, and so far the
retailers are reporting positive results. However, they will have to
be careful about how far they push the "marketing to women"
initiative; some women may actually be offended, feeling that they
are being condescended to.
There's also another possibility, though. It would be
interesting if stores that traditionally appeal to women - say,
supermarkets - actually began developing specific formats designed to
appeal to men. In the case for grocery stores, a front end concierge
might be just the thing, along with cooking lessons, beer nights, and
ample sampling while Monday Night Football plays on big-screen
televisions.
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The following slides use indices to compare retail channel
performance vs. year ago on three metrics:
Dollar sales, number of shoppers, and shopping frequency
An index of 100 means there has been no change
Among the key findings...
Dollar stores continue to perform better versus other
channels in the number of shoppers they're attracting
The Grocery channel continues to get out-performed by other
channels in terms of growing sales
Drug Stores and Convenience/Gas show recent increases in
shopping frequency
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Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
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Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
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Click on thumbnail to enlarge, or click here.
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Facts, Figures and the Future is copyrighted and may not be
reproduced without prior permission. For more information about the
publication, please contact Phil Lempert at 323-860-3070 or via
e-mail at
PLempert@FactsFiguresFuture.com
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